Does Just War Exist free essay sample

Does Just War exist? The belief that a war can exist which is completely just, has been around for many centuries. Philosophers have argued since the time of Cicero on how actions can be justified, and have written many papers on the subject. Although many people from different backgrounds and religions have disagreed on the topic, it is somewhat agreed that four factors of a war must be just, for the war itself to be considered just: 1. The reasons to go to war must be just 2. The actions undertaken by members of a nation to fight must be just 3. The method of finishing the war must be just 4. The treatment of a losing nation after a war by the winning nation must be just When trying to define the word ‘just’, one finds that it is impossible to give exactly the same examples as another person. It is completely a matter of opinion which changes for every person. We will write a custom essay sample on Does Just War Exist? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The closest the world has come to agreeing to a definition of ‘just’ was in August 1949, when the Geneva Conventions were signed, but there are still loopholes where personal opinion can effect the application of the rules. The Geneva conventions were signed by hundreds of world leaders, but only outlines the way a country can fight justly (second point, see above). Only when all four of these points can be justified, is a war truly just. Therefore, we must individually look at the other three points, and the opinions that people have on them worldwide. 1) The Reason to go to war must be just Talk about Jihadism and the Crusades, and that religion gives a good enough reason for some people to fight justly (against the infidels/pagans) Talk about retaliation and if it is just. Use this paper for a start: http://www. oppapers. com/essays/Revenge-Ever-Justified/149208 -This is about comparative justice, wiki that. Talk about preventing other countries from hurt. Peace treaties or not, is it their business? From saving another country, what does one country gain (other that money)? 3) The method of finishing the war must be just 4) The treatment of a losing nation after a war by the winning nation must b e just

Finding Waldo free essay sample

1987 brought the world a hide-and-seek legend. It brought us the stripes-clad, glasses-wearing Waldo who in every illustration resides among the mess of cartoon scenery. Find Waldo, each page instructs, but how? What if each of us is Waldo, drawn into a pandemonium that we must first make sense of? Some drawings are simpler than others, and Waldo can be found in less time. Others require a break, to come back and reassess Waldo’s location. Still others implore the help of another person. Once Waldo is found, though, the page is turned. We, the Waldos, are lost once again. Likely without knowing it, British illustrator Martin Handford created a metaphor for the ultimate search in life: the search to find oneself. My quest to find Waldo took me seventeen years- essentially my entire life. I did not realize its importance, though, until after my freshman year and after listening to stories of all the excitement my friends had lived through. We will write a custom essay sample on Finding Waldo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my mediocre life of maintaining perfect grades, competing in a side sport, and keeping family values, I had not considered anything except the planned future. College, a career, and this abstract idea of accomplishment were there, but the words of Frank Zappa terrified me. â€Å"If you end up with a boring miserable life because you listened to your mom, your dad, you teacher, your priest, or some guy on television telling you how to do [it] then you deserve it.† I did not want to deserve it. I wanted to complete my quest, to find Waldo before time ran out and my perceived mundane future loomed before me. This past summer, I finally figured out that he can indeed be found. Waldo is where the heart is. Waldo is the two seconds in the air between cliff and water after I jump. He is skiing hand in hand with my friends and the ski bum town I feel so at home in. He is making breakfast with two of my favorite people and the laughter that echoed through the kitchen when one of the pancakes, flipped off the skillet in my attempt to show off, hit the ceiling. Waldo is rock climbing, fountain running, beach walks, teaching myself to play ukulele, and performing for the block-long line at the frozen yogurt joint. Waldo is sleeping under the stars but usually not sleeping at all. He’s music: by the campfire, in the pool, or spilling freely out of every open car window as I ride my bike down the street to pick up my mango juice. Waldo is a week with the camp folk I call my family and falling in love each day I spend there. Waldo is indescribable moments, snapshots in a scrapbook I’m not yet ready to put away. I found Waldo this summer, not in one place but on every page in the story I lived this season. As with every book, I was saddened to finish it, but more await, and I am ready.

Blooms taxonomy

Abstract Bloom’s taxonomy is the specific classification aimed at giving teachers an opportunity to set the correct goals and achieve them by means of structured objectives. Cognitive domain with six levels, affective domain with five levels and originally psychomotor domain without any levels have suffered particular changes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Bloom’s taxonomy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many scholars have created their personal classification of the psychomotor domain that has created structured items there. Additionally, the emergence of the Web 2.0 and other specific software has created the necessity to revise the classification to meet the new requirements. Thus, the Bloom’s taxonomy has suffered some particular changes, however, the main idea of three domains and the classification of the levels has remained. The learning of the three domains, the levels and the char acteristics of those levels helps teachers create the structured learning objectives based on the scientific theories. Using knowledge, feelings and the ability to apply those in doing is exactly the classification of Bloom. Bloom’s taxonomy is the specific classification which was developed by Benjamin Bloom and is aimed at classifying learning objectives. Bloom was sure that to achieve particular purposes and set goals it is important to classify the learning objectives. There are a lot of purposes of the Bloom’s classification, however one of the main of them is to make teachers and other people who apply to this classification to refer to three main domains, Cognitive, affective, and Psychomotor. To make sure that the notions are understood, it is possible to state that Cognitive domain refers to knowing something (the connection to the head is noticed), the Affective domain is connected with the feelings where heart is involved and Psychomotor domain is about doin g something using ones hands. Thus, each of these domains has some particular levels which are to be described in this article. Bloom’s taxonomy is the perfect tool which may help people navigate through the myriad items and may be helpful in making choices based on experience. Therefore, applying to the Bloom’s taxonomy, many people are guaranteed to be offered particular purposes to be achieved by means of applying to the necessary domains.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As it has already been mentioned, there are three main domains which have specific levels. Cognitive domain is connected with human head and should be associated with knowledge, thinking, and comprehension. At the lowest level of this domain is knowledge which should be applied for exhibiting the knowledge learnt before. This is usually the basic knowledge which is used for further considerations. The understanding of those knowledge and other facts and ideas is usually conducted by means of the comprehension level of cognitive domain. Three main idea of this level is to translate, to interpret and to understand. Application of that knowledge and its understanding is the next level. The analysis of the elements, relationships and organizational principles is can be applied to the next level of cognitive domain of Bloom’s taxonomy. The synthesis of the analyzed information is the fifth level of the classification and the final one is the evaluation of the data on the basis of the previous five levels of skills (Krathwohl, Bloom, 2002). The emotional reaction of people on some particular facts and events as well as human attitude, emotion and feelings are classified in the affective domain of Blooms taxonomy. This domain contains five levels. The lowest level is the receiving which is characterized by the passive attention of people to the situation, knowledge or event. Be ing a passive item, it is important to remember that no particular learning may occur without this level. The next level is characterized by the responding to the perceived information and students’ interest in it. Further there is the valuing of the objects, information, or situation. Organizing and Characterizing are the final levels of Bloom’s taxonomy. It is important to understand that all the levels of the affective domain are important (SavickienÄâ€", 2010). Having not much in common with learning, people cannot achieve any results if affective domain is not followed precisely. Psychomotor domain is characterized by human ability to use and physically manipulate students’ hands. Even though Bloom has never created the levels to this domain, some scholars thought about their own levels of taxonomy. Perception, set, guided response, mechanism, complex overt response, adaptation, and origination are the seven levels of the psychomotor domain which may be co nsidered (Lightle, 2011). Therefore, returning to the cognitive and affective domains, it is important to understand that the lowest levels are as important as the highest ones. The classification is based on the application of different skills and the basis for them. Thus, not much is necessary for getting the knowledge, however, students are to come through a number of stages to make an evaluation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Bloom’s taxonomy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The same is with the affective domain. Bloom/s taxonomy has been revised as the creation of the innovative technologies and Web 2.0 some particular changes were necessary. However, the main idea of the taxonomy has remained the same. Reference List Krathwohl, D. R., Bloom, B. S. (2002). Taxonomy of educational objectives: the classification of educational goals. London: Longman. Lightle, K. (2011, May). More than just the techn ology. Science Scope, 34(9), 6-9. SavickienÄâ€", I. (2010). Conception of learning outcomes in the bloom’s taxonomy affective domain. Quality of Higher Education, 7, 37-57. This essay on Bloom’s taxonomy was written and submitted by user Alicia Johnson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Frederick Douglass Quotes on Womens Rights

Frederick Douglass Quotes on Womens Rights Frederick Douglass was an American abolitionist and former slave, and one of the most famous 19th-century orators and lecturers. He was present at the Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention of 1848 and advocated for womens rights along with abolition and the rights of African Americans. Douglass last speech was to the National Council of Women in 1895; he died of a heart attack suffered the evening of the speech. Selected Frederick Douglass Quotations [Masthead of his newspaper, North Star, founded 1847] Right is of no sex - Truth is of no color - God is the Father of us all, and we are all Brethren. When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, women will occupy a large space in its pages, for the cause of the slave has been peculiarly womans cause. [Life and Times of Frederick Douglass,1881] Observing womans agency, devotion and efficiency in pleading the cause of the slave, gratitude for this high service early moved me to give favorable attention to the subject of what is called womans rights and caused me to be denominated a womans rights man. I am glad to say I have never been ashamed to be thus designated. [Life and Times of Frederick Douglass,1881] [A] woman should have every honorable motive to exertion which is enjoyed by man, to the full extent of her capacities and endowments. The case is too plain for argument. Nature has given woman the same powers, and subjected her to the same earth, breathes the same air, subsists on the same food, physical, moral, mental and spiritual. She has, therefore, an equal right with man, in all efforts to obtain and maintain a perfect existence. Woman should have justice as well as praise, and if she is to dispense with either, she can better afford to part with the latter than the former. Woman, however, like the colored man, will never be taken by her brother and lifted to a position. What she desires, she must fight for. We hold woman to be justly entitled to all we claim for man. We go farther, and express our conviction that all political rights which it is expedient for man to exercise, it is equally so for women. [At the 1848 Womens Rights Convention at Seneca Falls, according to Stanton et al in [History of Woman Suffrage] A discussion of the rights of animals would be regarded with far more complacency by many of what are called the wise and the good of our land, than would be a discussion of the rights of woman. [From an 1848 article in the North Star about the Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention and its reception by the general public] Should the females of New York be placed on a level of equality with males before the law? If so, let us petition for this impartial justice for women. In order to insure this equal justice should the females of New York, like the males, have a voice in appointing the law makers and the law administrators? If so, let us petition for Womans Right to Suffrage. [1853] On putting a priority, after the Civil War, on votes for African Americans males before women in general] When women, because they are women, are dragged from their homes and hung upon lampposts; when their children are torn from their arms and their brains dashed upon the pavement;... then they will have the urgency to obtain the ballot. When I ran away from slavery, it was for myself; when I advocated emancipation, it was for my people; but when I stood up for the rights of women, self was out of the question, and I found a little nobility in the act. [About Harriet Tubman] Much that you have done would seem improbable to those who do not know you as I know you. Quote collection assembled by Jone Johnson Lewis.

Young Adult Couples' Decision Making Regarding Emergency Contraceptive Essay

Young Adult Couples' Decision Making Regarding Emergency Contraceptive Pills - Essay Example The work was published in the journal of nursing scholarship in 2011(Beaulieu et al.). The concern over the presence of cases of unwanted pregnancies motivated the study regarding the reluctance of young couples in using Emergency contraceptive pills. The researchers constructed sets of salient conditions to guide the research. These conditions touch on contraceptive use, decision making among couples, views between men and women over the use of ECPs, a woman’s autonomy, and relationship power. To enhance the validity and credibility of the study, the researchers employed the use of face to face interview as a research method. Qualitative research was most appropriate for this social research (Weinberg, 2002). Open ended questions were employed to collect data which comprised of personal views. Despite the availability of other research method, the researcher chose face to face interview. This was recommendable because this method enables the research to create a rapport with participants. The authors have clearly stated objectives of the study using an explanatory title, in the abstract, introduction and through the arguments stated in the report. The title briefly summarizes the whole topic. By reading the topic, a reader automatically gets a good snapshot of the entire study. The authors introduce the topic of unwanted pregnancies by providing definitions and reasons for its occurrences. They later state the reasons why it was necessary to explore this subject, and the necessary steps and methodology utilized during the study. He also introduces all concepts discussed in the report clearly using simple language. All the supporting literature is recent, hence, relating the issue with current discussions and ongoing debate regarding contraceptive use. They also state the importance of this study by stating the concerns surrounding the issue. Despite the fact that ECPs safely prevent unwanted pregnancies, it is confusing why young couples refrain from us ing them. These contraceptives also suit the needs of young people and are available for their use. So it remains unclear why young people do not avail themselves for their use. This study was different from past studies because past studies centered on women as the primary decision makers of regarding contraceptive use. However, this study took a different perspective of focusing on the couple, and not just women. Couple dynamics looks at the dominance of men in reproductive health decision making. Men dominate these decisions because they too, do not want unplanned pregnancies and experience the pressure for sex. To give the article more credibility, information is provided from other fields that relate to the study. Information is concerned with developmental antecedents, which influence decision making in relationships. In this analysis, the authors connect the article theme to other factors that are fundamental to providing more insight to readers as to the importance of the st udy (Beaulieu et al., 2011). The article is written in simple and clear language, which makes it easy to read and understand for anyone with basic education. The author has portrayed facts in an organized and clear manner, supporting every argument with appropriate resources. These resources provide in depth information on the subject and prove the information’s credibility. The article has been organized into section, each section covering a specific aspect of the study. In addition, there is congruence among different sections. All the sections serve to build up arguments that support the study. Right from the abstract and the introduction, the author has introduced participants in the study; mentioning the people concerned over the issue, past studies and reports over the issue, p

S6W3Dqs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

S6W3Dqs - Essay Example The same applies to President Eisenhower’s in his farewell address. In this respect, Henry Kissinger’s remark that â€Å"Morality has nothing to do with foreign policy† is totally misplaced and uncalled for. Morality should, as a matter of fact, be part and parcel of the overall national strategy. Morality has to do with the distinction of good from bad or right from wrong. On the other hand, foreign policy is concerned with the beliefs, attitudes and actions of America towards other countries. Mr. Y (2011), in A National Strategic Narrative clearly articulates the American dream as regards to foreign policy. For instance, the narrative calls upon the United States to pursue it domestic and foreign policies with a unified effort that reflect constancy of purpose (The National Strategy Forum Review, 2010). It further goes on to state that US should pursue her national interest while at the same time allow others to pursue theirs. However, this is pegged on condition that American values are not betrayed. Finally, Mr. Y says that America should seek fair competition and should not hesitate to deter bad behavior. This in itself is a moral position in foreign policy. Based on personal reflection, the National Strategic Narrative, and a recollection of values enshrined in American constitution, the role of morality in national security strategy cannot be downplayed. Other nations will only respect the position of USA on various matters based on her moral standards. The involvement of multinationals such as NATO in America national security has greatly boosted the collective power to promote security, curb incumbent threats, as well as protect the American citizens. Such is the case with which NATO and its 27 member states work to promote ideas and peace of the member countries. America is part and parcel of these efforts done by NATO. Secondly, multinationals work with the American government to advance the

Louis Philippe Sub Brands Marketing Essay

Louis Philippe Sub Brands Marketing Essay Louis Philippe was launched in India in 1989. Celebrating the sophistication of the Indian gentleman, Louis Philippe garments establish that their wearer is a man of infallible taste and class. The brands Franco-Italian lineage, combined with its focus on global fashion gives it indisputable premium and an exclusive image. Today, Louis Philippe is a brand leader in formal and quasi-formal wear. The embellished Crest is a sign that the wearer of a Louis Philippe wardrobe has truly arrived. Today, the Crest is prized even more for its focus on luxury, exquisite craftsmanship and attention to detail, establishing that its wearer is truly a member of The Upper Crest. The comfort and perfection of the clothing is also evident in their line of elegant shoes, crafted from the finest leather, and their range of innerwear, sourced from the softest cotton. Louis Philippe garments are available at 125 stores, and at the exclusive LP stores created by famous European architect John Marsala. The brand continues to be the leader in retail sales in all leading menswear and department stores. The retail experience is further augmented by Madura Fashion Lifestyles retail chain Planet Fashion. Louis Philippe also launched sub-brands including LP and Luxure. LP by Louis Philippe has an exciting range of shirts, trousers, T-shirts, suits, jackets and accessories to put together a youthful wardrobe. Luxure, the masterpiece collection, was created to deliver sartorial elegance for the refined connoisseur. Louis Philippe recently made a foray into the footwear segment, offering more than 40 exciting designs, in an unparalleled width in the formals market. Louis Philippe sub brands LP by Louis Philippe http://www.madurafnl.com/brands/images/lp_image.jpg Louis Philippe expanded its offering with the launch of a sub-brand in November 2007. LP by Louis Philippe is aimed at young achievers and upscale urbanites, who demand wardrobe versatility. It ascertains the style mantra for todays generation.   Formals finally get what they have always deserved: style, attitude and panache. The new age formals with hidden styling detail in every single garment: a coloured gusset on the side seam, an innovative trim, or a unique fabric wash. Half the battle is already won with the all-occasion LP wardrobe. Priding itself on being the trendsetter for the cool, stylishly spirited confident youngster who lives today with a confident eye on tomorrow, LP is the brand for those who are in a hurry to make a mark in this world, but will not compromise on either their values or on fun, en route.   The LP line has an exciting range of shirts, trousers, T-shirts, suits, jackets and accessories to put together a youthful wardrobe. Crafted with love and passion, and a fine eye for detail, the collection has been designed by ThincTank New York, a group of ace designers from New York, and the Design laboratory at Bangalore. With two trendy fits in shirts and denims, four styles in trousers and three in suits and jackets, the LP range provides ample options for customising a wardrobe to individual preferences.   Luxure Inspired by Louis Philippe, a monarch of another age, and Art Nouveau, an artistic movement of an era gone by, brand Louis Philippe was born in the United Kingdom in 1965.   A lyrical ode to the tailor, artist, craftsman, all rolled into one, Louis Philippe celebrates the craft of the artisan in true Art Nouveau style. Louis Philippe test-launched the Luxure brand in select stores across India in November 2008. Created to deliver sartorial elegance for the refined connoisseur, the masterpiece collection strengthens brand Louis Philippes promise to deliver excellence to customers who have an appreciation of the finer things in life. With Luxure, consumers have access to exquisite apparel, consummate craftsmanship, luxurious materials and delicate aesthetics, all core to the values and heritage of Louis Philippe. Louis Philippe footwear http://www.madurafnl.com/brands/images/luxure_shoe.jpg Louis Philippe recently made a foray into the footwear segment, offering more than 40 exciting designs, in an unparalleled width in the formals market. The footwear range includes the Classic, the Dress and the Relaxed product lines for style-conscious, comfort-seeking customers. Louis Philippe shoes have been manufactured with the latest know-how of the Italians, who are known for their fine craftsmanship. Louis Philippe shoes undergo 200 different processes of production excellence in order to craft every single masterpiece. Pure leather has been used for both the outer body and the inner lining. The soles are soft and light; some of them constructed with the lightest wood, Masonite. Leather boards have been introduced in the front and back of the shoe to help retain its elegant shape for a long time. Twin material leather sole helps it to breathe and thereby retain freshness for the feet at all times. In order to provide longevity, technical sole construction is introduced in the shoes. TALKIN ABOUT BRAND BUILDING ACTIVITIES Teeing off Indias richest domestic golf tournament   Louis Philippe is a premium brand synonymous with sophistication, style and success, qualities that are essentially associated with golf as well. And in a perfect match between the Madura Fashion Lifestyle brand and the prestigious sport, Louis Philippe has come to be associated with Indias richest domestic golf tournament, the Louis Philippe Cup, held at the KSA Golf Course, Bangalore, between March 5- 10, 2012.   According to Jacob John, Brand Head, Louis Philippe, fan involvement is a key element of the Louis Philippe Cup. We want to build a platform where true golf fans have a chance to play alongside pros, he adds. Pointing out that the values and qualities of Louis Philippe blend with those of golf, he feels this association with the premier sport is a perfect match, and will help the brand to move up to the next rung in the ladder. The Louis Philippe Cup is creating a buzz in Indias 100,000-strong golf community, which is growing phenomenally. The event promised to tee-off greater interest in the sport, raising its profile across India. Louis Philippe presents DIMENSIONS with Vijay Amritraj Louis Philippe, the premium mens clothing brand, in association with CNN-IBN brings you Dimensions with Vijay Amritraj, a first-of-its-kind show in the history of Indian television. This special series presented by Louis Philippe, will be anchored by the legendary tennis player Vijay Amritraj and will feature the brightest global icons that have mesmerised people across the globe with their magic; from sporting legends and business tycoons to supermodels and Hollywood A-listers. http://www.madurafnl.com/images/dimension_vijay_donald.jpg BUSINESS POTENTIAL AND ENVIRONMENT FACTOR ASSESSMENT A Shirt A Louis Philippe Shirt Functional Emotional/Functional Concrete, Rational Conceptual, Perceived Describes What Describes What Who Generic Unique, Distinct Limited life span Unlimited life span Transaction oriented Relationship oriented Easy to copy Cant be copied Luxury Brand Management Protect clients from non-clients. Luxury brand awareness must be superior to its penetration. An object must always be up to par with its brand. Brand Strategy Source Brand Strategy Endorsing Brand Stategy Analysts said the new sub-brands which were launched as a result of the brand getting extended both to new segments as well as to other product classes like footwear would contribute too much of the projected future growth. Despite the phenomenal growth in the sales, the Louis Philippe brand had been facing some problems. The raw material costs associated with apparel making had increased due to the high rates of inflation which the Indian economy had been facing for some years before 2011. Rupee Depreciation Blues Louis Philippe has stepped up local sourcing and reduced imports to protect it from the rupees vagaries. It imports specialty fabrics, trims, finishing and woven garments from China, Indonesia, Italy and Turkey. Imports account for 25 per cent of its fabric needs. This used to be 35 per cent till a few months ago. With the rupee depreciation, imports have become costlier. We have increased domestic sourcing to reduce dependence on imports. If the rupee behaviour continues, we will reduce imports further, says Jacob John, Brand Head. Specialty fabrics The brand has traditionally sourced from mills in Ahmedabad and Chandigarh. Apart from deepening existing ties, Louis Philippe has now found new suppliers in Kolhapur. Many Italian mills have set up units in Kolhapur, says John. But imports cannot be shunned, given that certain specialty fabrics are hard to find in the country. They need a good balance of local and imported fabrics. We are negotiating with suppliers abroad on the price front. While the rupee depreciation has not affected most apparel brands in the country, as they mainly source locally, premium brands which have a high import content face a margin squeeze. The weak rupee forced Louis Philippe to hike retail prices by Rs 100-200 in July, which marked the start of the autumn-winter season. Price hikes Earlier, Louis Philippe shirts were priced between Rs 1,299 and Rs 3,000. Now, the price range is Rs 1,399-Rs 3,500. With the end-of-season sales hogging the limelight in July-August, the real impact of the price hike will be felt this month onwards. There is an overall sluggishness in the market. Hopefully, the festive season will perk things up. We will continue to expand our retail network aggressively. Says Brand Head. In the last one year alone, Louis Philippe added 50 exclusive stores to take its total tally to 135. Louis Philippe expects to grow 15 per cent and touch a retail turnover of Rs 1,000 crore this year. OVERVIEW These new super premium ranges of branded apparel were priced 100 percent higher than the other existing premium brands in the market. The Louis Philippe brand was also extended to cater to the needs of different customer segments. Louis Philippe entered the luxury market for mens formals with the introduction of the Luxure sub brand. Luxure was very successful and contributed to nearly 15 percent of the total revenues in the stores in which it was introduced. Louis Philippe introduced another sub brand called LP for semi-formal clothing for young customers. It also introduced premium footwear for men in the year 2010. The introduction of new sub brands paid off and the sales of Louis Philippe reached Rs. 6.5 billion for the fiscal year ending March. 2011. But Louis Philippe was also facing some challenges in the form of new players entering the market and an increase in excise duties which increased the price of branded apparel. The question to be asked is whether Louis Philippe wil l be able to sustain its growth momentum in future and what the implications are for marketing. The market for branded readymade mens wear was very limited in India till the early 1980s. The growth rates were also very low. One of the main reasons for this was that Indian men were accustomed to buying cloth and getting it stitched as per their custom body measurements. This practice hindered the emergence of national level brands in the apparel business. The market began to change by the mid-1980s and a small market for branded apparel started to emerge. One of the first entrants into this sector was Madura Coats India; a 51 percent subsidiary of the UK-based JP coats. It entered the ready to wear garments business in India through three divisions: Madura Garments (ready to wear clothing), Coats India (threads division), and Madura Textiles (fabric supplier). Madura Garments was acquired by ABG in the year 2000 and later renamed as Madura Fashion and Lifestyle (Madura FL) The Louis Philippe brand was extended into the footwear segment in April 2010. The entry into the footwear sector was aimed at giving more choice in style and needs to Indian customers in the matter of their footwear. The lack of choice in the Indian footwear market had led to many Indians shopping abroad for their footwear needs. Initially, mens shoes were launched in the formal wear sector with 40 unique designs to choose from. Just like its apparel business, the new footwear was launched in the premium and super-premium segments Continuing its growth momentum, sales of the Louis Philippe brand were expected to reach Rs. 8.50 billion by the fiscal year 2011- 2012.