Write an annotated bibliography of five sources for hydrogen fuel cell

Write an of five sources for hydrogen fuel cell cars - Annotated Bibliography Example Authors in this study highlight diverse aspects related to hydrogen knowhow especially in terms of transportation, conversion and distribution, which experts ought to consider (Corbo, Migliardini & Veneri, 2011). They have also given an analysis of the current and available fuel cell technologies in relation to hydrogen in quest of ascertaining the equipments’ realization of the required efficiency. This source comprises of valid information best for researchers and those who may intend to venture in the field of implementing hydrogen knowhow. In this source, SÃ ¸rensen acknowledges the breakthrough so far made regarding the usage of hydrogen in improving global economy besides safeguarding environment (SÃ ¸rensen, 2012). However, he raises varied and critical concerns regarding emergent knowhow meant to extract hydrogen, store and distribute to various destinies where humanity intends to use it. It is from this perspective that SÃ ¸rensen highlights varied aspects regarding hydrogen knowhow including benefits and obstacles, which the researchers ought to consider. The author of this reference is a global-renowned energy researcher who has offered a rich literature meant for study especially in the energy field (SÃ ¸rensen, 2012). Hwang highlights benefits of utilizing hydrogen as fuel in scooters compared to the tradition traditional based petroleum fuels. According to his study, the new emergent hydrogen knowhow does not pose threat to the environment and it is rapidly replacing petroleum-based fuels. This is because hydrogen cell scooters do not contribute to the emission of GHGs (Hwang, 2012). Therefore, the source’s information is essential in outlining benefits, which the current knowhow posses over the traditional petroleum-based in comparison. Raine in this article reports Europe’s readiness in implementing the Hydrogen knowhow. Since, it is cheap compared to the former fuels especially

Society's Perception of Black Women Research Proposal

Society's Perception of Black Women - Research Proposal Example Many factors influence the way the society perceive the black women. Media, for instance, use images that portray black women as sex objects whose value based on their body appearance. These media portrayals are major contributors on the future of the black woman, the potential limitation of young adolescent opportunity to change the negative perception of appearance and sexuality as portrayed in the media. Most of the African American young girls are victims of perception created by such images. This research is currently relevant as Black women in the United States strive to end the negative attitudes in the society. This study seeks to assess the society’s perception of black women.Many factors influence the way the society perceive the black women. Media, for instance, use images that portray black women as sex objects whose value based on their body appearance. These media portrayals are major contributors on the future of the black woman, the potential limitation of youn g adolescent opportunity to change the negative perception of appearance and sexuality as portrayed in the media. Most of the African American young girls are victims of perception created by such images. This research is currently relevant as Black women in the United States strive to end the negative attitudes in the society. Â  The study will aim at determining society’s perception of black women. It will focus on the factors that contribute to the society’s perception of black women in the modern community setting in the United States.

Health and Social Care Essay Example for Free

Health and Social Care Essay Introduction Social policy refers to the issue of addressing the needs of the society by the state. It takes care of the welfare aspects of the people that are based on some strategies, ideologies, regulation and undertakings. This phenomenon has reached a global scale nowadays. Social policy has now a wider span and has expanded its horizon to enhance the welfare of the general people. Marshall (1950) devised the idea of social citizenship that paved the way to the welfare provisions. These rights were focused on the economic independence and a minimum standard of life for the citizen. Health is now considered something beyond the physical aspect. It has mental, psychological, social implications. Health and welfare are the result of some sophisticated relations of socio-economic issues and the sufficiency of amenities provided (Atkinson et al., 2001). The existing social and health care system was actually established in 1948 the formation of which started before the Second World War. It got a new dimension in the later part of the century where the community took the roles of the institutes and the control shifted to the private sectors. Though it has some loopholes during the course, it has gone through several significant changes. This study will discuss the important landmarks in the history of UK social policy and provisions along with a critical evaluation and the recent achievements in this regard. It will also focus on the factors behind the formation of the policies and their impact on the service users. Task 1 historical and CONTEMPORARY LANDMARKS in social welfare provision 1.1 historical and CONTEMPORARY LANDMARKS in social policy Prior to and during the Second World War The Poor law was the sole social care facility that was provided prior to the Second World War which basically focused on the senior citizen and the incapacitated. It made it mandatory for each community to give benefit in the form of less charge for the deprived class. This law was later renamed into Public Assistance which was the result of Local Government Act, 1929. Subsequently, the facilities were open for everyone irrespective of disability and were applicable for people who did not have the money to pay for health care. (Pat Thane, 2009) The Disabled Person’s Employment Act, 1944 made it mandatory for the companies to give jobs to people included in Disabled Persons Register which should be minimum three percent of their employment. (Barnes, 1991) The National Association for Mental Health was later established in 1946 which had a movement for improved facility for the mentally disabled patients. National Health Service and the National Assistance Board The Poor law was terminated with the introduction of the National Assistance (NA) Act in 1946 which came into practice two years later. National Assistance Board (NAB) came into existence with the advent of this particular act. National Health Service took the hospitals under them which also came into being in the same year as NAB. NAB was later substituted by the Supplementary Benefits which merged with the Department of Health and Social Security in the year 1968. (Burt et al., 2003) After the Second World War The Mental Health Act came into being in 1959 that targeted to give the mentally disabled people a space in the society. It was the contribution of The National Assistance Act 1948, amended in 1962 that gave incentive to the native authorities to facilitate the senior citizen and people with disability with food, pastime facilities and to chalk out a decade long plan to enable them to stay in their respective residents for a period according to their will. (Pat Thane, 2009) In1968, Health Services and Public Health Act took the services to the senior citizens the and the people with disability to another level by offering extensive services like washing,  stewards, recreation and help in their home. (Bauld et al., 2005) In order to facilitate a social service division in every community, the Local Authority Social Services Act came into being in 1970. This was aimed at establishing a system where there is a collaborative and wide ranging arrangement for the entire social care system that will address the issues of people and give assistance to them who are in need of them. This division was given the duty of domestic aid, housing, food and entertainment facilities. The native authorities were made bound to make a catalogue of the incapacitated people and the services were to be exposed to the common mass. Invalidity Benefit came into existence in 1971which was later modified three years later which had the provision for Invalid Care Allowance In order to provide assistance to the people who wants to take the service of the local provider or a provider of their own choice of healthcare instead of the hospitals, District Health Authorities were given the authority in 1983 to give more finance to those people. In order to take care of the issue of make advancements in the service of the senior citizens and the people with disability, a series of papers addressed these issues to facilitate an improved service to the public. (Pat Thane, 2009) In an attempt to give more effort to the service to the people with disability, Disabled Persons Representation Act, 1986 was introduced so that they are taken into consideration more than before during the policy formulation. It gave the local bodies the duty to evaluate the requirement of the people with disability in terms of the social service and take care of these needs and let them know about the offers and facilities the local bodies are going to provide. (Daunt, 1992) In 1996, the Community Care Act was implemented to facilitate the people in need of social service with the und so that they can pay for the services. There are several another acts that were introduced to enhance the social care to the UK people; they are the following: Carers (Recognition and Services) Act, 1995 Mental Health (Patients in the Community) Act, 1995 Disability Discrimination Act, 1995 Carers and Disabled Children Act 2000 Special Educational Needs and Disability Act, 200 Private Hire Vehicle Act, 2002 Disability Discrimination Act (amended) 2005 Disability Equality Duty (DED), 2006 Welfare Reform Act 2007 1.2 factors influencing the development of policy legislations The provisions regarding healthcare and welfare are mainly designed to provide the people with the economic assurance in case of any illness, disease, aging or lack of financial crisis due to the lack of a job. There are several types of allowance which is provided when a person is ill or out of job which are backed up by the insurance arrangements of the state. In the period after Second World War the state was more e focused on giving jobs to everyone. It was supported by the free education system and academic allowances. The prime attention of that period was basically the fund to the domestic arena, healthcare all around the country and obviously jobs to everyone. The employers and the government word collaboratively in this regard. task 2 origins of social policies 2.1 PROCESS in key Health and Social Policy legalization The act is often preceded by a bill. The health related bills are presented in front of the parliament. Health and social policies are basically the activities and steps taken by the state to achieve a certain result in the national health scenario. The entire arrangement and structure of the health sector is deeply influenced by the act and legislation. These procure of formulating the policies may vary in nature. The place for the policy formulation and structure along with the attributes of the strategy has implication in the development of these acts. The whole procedure of policy formulation and implementation needs to be apprehended properly so that it  become convenient to make use of the resources and bring significant modifications in the healthcare provisions. These processes have number of stages. It starts with the design of the policy. In tis frost stage, lots of insights and information regarding the need of the service receivers are received. It takes into consideration the intention and the expected results are determined and according to them the appropriate steps are taken to make sure the required inputs are arranged. Secondly, the designed policy is practically applied by speeding the policy. It takes active measures to execute the policy. The final stage includes assessment and adjustment where the policies are scrutinized and modified according to the need of the situation. 2.2 INFLUENTIAL factors behind a parliamentary act Health and social welfare related issues are fundamentally influence by the people themselves. But the policy and parliamentary act are also affected by the assessment and the understanding and decision of the people concerned with the policy formation. There is also the consideration of the limitation of resources. In addition, the thinking process and the principals have a role to play. These policy makers have their own set of view and philosophies that are influenced by their allegiance to their respective parties (Ungerson, 1997). There are various modes of accomplishing the policies which can be customary or contemporary. There is also pressure from the activists and communities. Unexpected situations and likelihoods of events also play a role in the policy making process in the health care and social policy which may result in a very unscrupulous decisions and polices. (Spanswick, 2003) 2.3 the impact of the Act on service users The health and social care acts have positive effect throughout the UK history. These acts have helped to give people access to their fundamental right of health care, specially the older generation and the disabled people. (Foster et al., 2001) It has given the UK healthcare and welfare a solid structure. Health acre and social care had been two isolated entities, courtesy of the acts. But tis disintegration created a problem of lack of coordination. This disintegration was done in terms of the strategies and control of the bodies but they have been integrated to better serve the people. 2.4 POLITICAL leaders’ contriburion on policies Political leaders have vital contribution in helping the country recover from the adversities and downturn in the economy that resulted from the havoc of the Second World War. They help made the legislations to bring major changes in the social policies that had a foundation that predates the war. These politicians help pass the Health Act 2009 that aimed to take the National health Service to an advanced level to provide better facilities and service to the common mass.. In 2008 they passed Health and Social Care Act that had a vital contribution in revolutionizing and incorporating health and social care. The 2006 Health Act came up with the regulation that prevented public smoking and set the age restriction for smokers that was applicable to the seller of tobacco products. It also took care of the management of the medication and observation of transactions with pharmaceutical goods. (Hochschild, 1995) 2.5 improving the CARE WITH the on-going policy changes The policies that are concerned with the people’s welfare are always vulnerable to adjustments and amendments. Any vital change requires a lot deliberation and it has the risk of producing debate. The Medicare Program, introduced in 1965, has seen much modification since its inception which has helped the public to have access to better services. Further elective packages have been introduced by the authority to add to the convenience of people. (Alber, 1995) Task 3 impact of social policies on users of health and social care services 3.1: contemporary policy developments and implementation The healthcare authorities and the social care bodies make sure everyone is treated with equality regarding the services. The strategy and regulation is designed in such a way that ensures service receivers get the service  maintaining their freedom and self-esteem. The state does its best to offer the widest range of services. They disseminate information to the public about the heath related issues and they also inform about the nourishing ingredients of a meal. Through the various programs, people are encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle and children are imparted education. About the health related issues. There are many joint venture sin the health and social care sector they provide employment along with the measures to improve the social care sector and take care of issues like health discriminations, infant health and adolescence health, health of senior citizens and so on. (Mason and Smith, 2005) 3.2 Measuring the impact of policy initiatives on service users There are lots of evaluation methods that are being followed by the USA government to ensure the effectiveness and the efficiency of providing services to the service users. Evidence based policy making is one of the major force for the best quality policy appraisal in the U.K. This policy making systems require policy maker and implement authority of all of these policy to utilize and use the information from different source including evaluation of the past rules and policy, statistics data, academic report and researches, economics rules and theories, national statistics, consultation with expert or agents etc. even the public expenditure, expending and the taxation also take part in this process. The UK Government has already undertaken, and also they are presently undertaking some random proscribed trials of policy steps. 3.3 the impact of a specific policy At 1999, The NSF or The National Service Framework for the mental health published. It is it is the central element for the working age adults regarding the policy of government. Beside this, this is plan or program for ten years improvement of the metal health care in UK. This NSF also described how this policy, system and the improvement will happen and the evidence relating this also given in NSF (CSIP/NIMHE, 2007). Though NSF is focusing on the decreasing of the smoke rate among people but it is not a  comprehensive or massive activity of improving health care like general health acre. Eight different pilot studies on the subject of improvement of the physical health care have been studied by the public health committee of the English strategy. (Beecham, 2005) 3.4 policies in improving the quality of life Policies can play a virtual role in the improvement of the service user’s quality of the life. Participating interest group like patient organization is very effective in this regard. The focus was later concentrated in the cut down of taxes, the reduction of interference by the government and the reduction in the government expenditure in 1975. But it had to take some portion out of the welfare budget. Currently, the state is more focused on providing people with employment rather than providing them with abundant allowances and benefits. There have been many regulation and law which are introduced to address the issues of labor, healthcare and social care nowadays. (Gulliford and Morgan, 2003) Task 4 Recent developments in health and social care policy 4.1 recent development in health and social care policy It deals with many different things like voluntary sectors in welfare, the role or the part of religion etc. Also it deals with free worldwide secondary education and many more. Indigence is one of the primary causes of sickness. The poor and broken law authority started to evaluate hospitals for the sick people. Health and social care policy deals with the rules and the policies, system regarding people welfare state. Most of the average report founded on three assumptions which is health services, family allowance and full employment. Beside all of these things current period achievement is the pensions, insurance, tax credits, supplement to the family income etc. All of these this is the implement of current era of time. It also deals with the health and social care initiatives, social and labor inclusions, important legislation initiative, and rights etc. The announcement done by the Peter Lilley will help get the harmony to the benefit system. These mainly decrease the dependenc y of the benefit by helping the person or people in their work. (Judge, and Bauld, 2006) 4.2 the  differences in formation and adaption At this 29th century the social and the health care system policies initiative reached the rural and far areas of the United Kingdom. The main goal of this initiative of the health and social care is to provide the health and social care services to the society for the wellbeing of the society without considering the financial condition of the people. The main goal of this initiative is to provide state edification, pension and the universal health care to the citizen of the country. Similar to Japan the heath care of USA is being dominated and maintained and controlled by the different kind of insurance scheme=where state do not play any part. Social and health care is a contract between the individual citizen and the government in Scotland. But it’s straight forward in English policy where government ensures the commitment to give better health and social service rather than improving the policy itself. So it is more effective for the citizen of the country. This is a genera l contract between the service user or the citizen and the government service providers. Conclsuion The main focus of the healthcare and social care has been the equality of access recently. All the acts and polices are aimed at proving people with the most fundamental services and making sure that no one gets deprived (Exworthy et al.,2003). The undertaking of the major policy matters has been done in collaboration and various bodies across the state and government have put a lot of effort to take the healthcare and social care to a new dimension. Reference Alber, J. (1995). ‘A Framework for the Comparative Study of Social Service’s’, Journal of European Social Policy 5 (2): 131–49. Atkinson, M. et al. (2001) Systematic review of ethnicity and health service access for London. University of Warwick: Warwick. Bauld, L. et al. (2005) Promoting social change: the experience of health action zones in England. Journal of Social Policy 34 (3):427-445. Barnes, C. (1991) Disabled People in Britain and Discrimination: A Case for Anti-Discrimination Legislation, Hurst and Co in association with the British Council of Organizations of Disabled People, London. Beecham, J. (2005) Access to mental health supports in England: crisis resolution teams and day services. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 28: 574-587. Burt, J. et al. (2003) The relationship between use of NHS Direct and deprivation in southeast London: an ecological analysis. Journal of Public Health Medicine 25 (2):174-176. CSIP/NIMHE (2007) Mental Health: New Ways of Working for Everyone. Progress Report 280692, Department of Health: London. Daunt, P. (1992) Meeting Disability: A European Perspective, Cassell Education, London. Exworthy, M. et al. (2003) Tackling health inequalities in the United Kingdom: the progress and pitfalls of policy. Health Services Research 38(6, pt 2): 1905-1921. Foster, J. et al. (2001) A qualitative study of older peoples views of out-of-hours services. British Journal of General Practice 51 (470): 719-723. Gulliford, M. and Morgan, M. (2003) Access to Health Care. Routledge: London. Hochschild, A. R. (1995). ‘The Culture of Politics: Traditional, Post-modern, Coldmodern, and Warm-modern Ideals of Care’, Social Politics 2 (3): 331–45. Judge, K. and Bauld, L. (2006) Learning from policy failure? Health action zones in England. European Journal of Public Health 16 (4):341-3. Marshall, T. H. (1950) Citizenship and Social Class. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. Mason, A. and Smith, P.C. (2005) Description of the Benefit Basket, England. Report prepared for the HealthBASKET project, funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Research Programme Spanswick, M. (2003) Access to health care: vulnerable groups in society. In: Public Health and Society, Ungerson, C. (ed.) (1997), ‘Social Politics and the Commodification of Care’, Social Politics 4 (3): 362–82 Thane P.(2009). History and Policy. MEMORANDUM SUBMITTED TO THE HOUSE OF COMMONS HEALTH COMMITTEE INQUIRY: SOCIAL CARE. 67 (1): 140-145

Frankenstien Prose Study Assignment GCSE Snglish Language and Literature Course Work :: essays research papers

Look at the significance of chapter five to the novel as a whole. Focus on the relevance and effect of the writer’s use of language to describe setting, character and what it shows about social and historical influences. Frankenstien the gothic novel written by mary shelley. The novel was written when mary was only 18 years old. The novel starts with Captain on a ship sailing north of the Arctic. The ship was then unable to move due to the ice. Shortly after his men spot a man travelling towards the ship. We later find out that this is Victor Frankenstein's monster. Shortly after he sees the ill and worn out Victor Frankenstein himself. Victor is then invited onto the boat. (Shelly uses this to start the story) This is when victor starts to retell his story. From a young age victor had loved science and he then had a feddish for electricity. The set off to the story and build of a persn comes for the saddness inside of victor. Victor was scarred by the loss of his mother, he lost her through child birth. Shortly after he left his family in Geneva, to study in Ingolstadt. Where he studies modern science. Victor has many ideas for the future. He sets about constructing a man. He used the best parts from the most beautiful and the most intellergent people that he could find. However, this turns around later in the novel when everything doesn’t go how victor had planned. He put all his energy and time into building this creature. He amagined it to be beautiful, but in chapter 5 when it awakens he is disgusted. Chapter five is the main turning point in the novel as this is when Victor find out the true horror of the monster. Victor then finds this revolting and tries to run away but her is mentaly scarred by this. With Shock and overwork Victor takes ill for several months. About a year later he receives news informing him of the murder of his youngest brother William. At this point Victor just nows that this was the monster. He is extremely upset by this and has a lot emotions but he sets off to find the monster. After arriving home he finds that the family's maid was framed for the murder. Despite the guilt that Victor was feelings he thought it was best not to tell anyone about his creation.

Nervous Breakdown

QUESTION: Have you ever had the experience of getting nervous breakdown during examination? If so, explain the process in order to avoid a nervous breakdown during exams. No matter how much we do to prevent it, exams are almost always going to be accompanied by stress. One of the reasons that cause the students felt stress and getting nervous breakdown during examination is the students afraid of not being capable to revise all the important material before the exam and the anxious to get a well result in the exam. To perform well in the exam, we should learn the ways to avoid a nervous breakdown during exams.Firstly, all of us should know that we should not playing ‘catch-up’ when the examination nearby. Most of the students not concentrate during the lessons or absence the classes, and they like to playing catch-up when the exams nearby. The students will felt stress due to not enough time to revise all materials that given by teacher. The students should make an effor t to attend every class and put a fully concentrate during the lesson. When exams approach, students should give themselves ample time in which to study. First, students can make a list of all the topics that need to be revised from syllabus.Clearly know the target will relief students from any unhealthy pressure. Second, students must be able to know the best time to study during the day and have a planned time table. Students can arrange for study time table to occur during their peak concentration hours. For example, if you think that you can do your best work in the morning, schedule a study time after the breakfast. Students should not take the all time of a day to do their revise because this might cause them felt more stress. Students should learning to relax by taking time for themselves.Students can take breaks of fifteen to twenty minutes after every 120 minutes during revision time. Students can practice some relaxation techniques and do it when the breaks. One of the rel axation technique is diaphragmatic breathing. First, close your eyes, then breathe in and out slowly and completely; placing your hands on your abdomen, concentrate on it expanding as you breathe in and contracting as you breathe out. Besides the diaphragmatic breathing, laughter also had been proven to have a physiological calming effect. Student can reading a funny book, watching a comedy on TV or at the movies or joking with friends to keep hemselves laugh. This will help them beat down any nervous that may appear from the examinations. Otherwise, having regular exercises during times of exams can be very helpful. After sitting in the library or at your desk for long periods of time, exercise will give you that extra boost of energy and cheerfulness. In addition, exercises also help to increase the blood flow around body which helps to disperse nervous energy that is produced under stressful conditions. Students can use a little of time to do some exercises such as joking, dancin g or cycling, these kind of exercise can be very helpful and are recommended.Most of the students felt stress and getting nervous breakdown during the examination due to they fail to avoid circumstances that can create stress during exams. Students should know how to plan their time wisely during the examination periods. Furthermore, students should also maintain a positive attitude. Students shouldn’t let the negative thinking of failing an exam rushing into their mind. Thinking positively can help to keep your energy levels high and avoid the nervous breakdown. Conclusion,

Reading Reflection Essay

The reader-response appeal to literature relies on the reader’s ability to process the information being shared rather than the author or the text itself. With the reader-response, a person reads text and then relates to automatic explanations about life that are triggered moment by moment as they continue to read. The literature uses triggers that the reader’s nervous system spontaneously responds to. This type of approach to reading allows people to imagine and be creative within them. It allows the reader to hear, feel and smell what they are reading as if it were happening right now in front of them. The reader-response approach with â€Å"the Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost offered a common understanding for situations in which I had to choose between two decisions. There was a visceral vision of a dilemma to make a choice that would eliminate the other option from ever becoming a possibility when Frost submitted that there was remorse for not being able to travel down the paths for both decisions. Every decision we make causes a difference in some sort of way. Since Frosts’ dilemma was not clear and concise I was able to implement my own choices to make a decision on. The key linguistic that triggered the process was use of the term ‘path’. I was able to relate the poem to a difficult decision of whether or not I was going to move across the country for a job offer. When Frost wrote â€Å"because it was grassy and wanted wear† I was able to relate to the yearning to want to move to Florida (grassy), but not leave the support of his family behind in Michigan (wanted wear). My fiancà ©e and I had to sort through the mutual acknowledgement of each others concerns, have common understandings, and act with the other persons concerns in mind. Both ideas were individually acceptable and understanding by themselves, however; the path â€Å"to where it bent in the undergrowth†, was our childlike needs to be close to family and always have them to be there for us when needed. To travel across the country without a guarantee of success was non existent. The road â€Å"less traveled by† was the decision my fiancà ©e and I ended up executing; we moved to Florida with a faith that the decision was for the better. Most of our peer group still lives in Michigan; and while moving to Florida may carry unknown factors we feel as if we know how our lives will plan out by staying in Michigan. By taking the road less traveled we are unaware of the consequences that await me – both positive and negative – and that makes life more thrilling and I greet each week with anticipation. Mr. Frost’s ability to craft a poem with generic terms allows for the possibility to implement my own experience and apply absolute creativity. I suppose that people who take more risk and accept the unknowns about life can relate more to this poem than others but we can all still relate. I think that at some point I our lives we all come across a path that could go either way and we have to choose which path we will take. Perhaps in some cases the road that is more traveled may be safer or predictable, however, the road less traveled will have more twists and turns that can make the risk a more debatable question of whether it is acceptable or not. Though the poem is not one that I would typically gravitate towards, I’ve realized that by going out of the normal reading habits it allows my imagination to be inspired to find ways to relate. The reader-response approach to the poem would allow most viewers to find some way to relate to it because the way that it is crafted allows a reader to examine each sentence as something personal of the author and the vagueness allows for unlimited boundaries of the reader to interpret for themselves what could and will happen. The notion that everyone can interpret this poem differently is intriguing and inspires my creativity with reading and finding a way to relate myself. In the past, present or future – this poem is applicable to any area of thought that the reader allows. The theme of the poem may after all be to seize the day, and the creativity that comes out from our imagination ensures that the reader-response approaches to be guaranteed when reading â€Å"The Road Not Taken†. References (Clugston R W 2010 Journey into Literature)Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into Literature. San Diego, California: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

the 3M- Company Essay Example

the 3M the 3M- Company Essay the 3M- Company Essay Case study-The 3M Company Insert name Insert institution Insert instructors name Insert the date Initially known as the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, this company was pioneered in 1902 at Minnesota near Lake Superior. It was set up to sell mineral deposits which were later proved to be valueless and this initiated early research and development of this company while in Duluth. This saw its success in selling sandpaper products. The company later increased its efficiency in quality production and supply chain. Innovations saw the development of waterproof sandpapers, the asking tape (this initiated the companys prospects towards diversification) sold under the name Scotch Pressure-sensitive Tapes and even was contracted in the production of defense materials in World War II. The company was later to diversify its product portfolio to include the photographic products, electro-mechanical products, pharmaceuticals, radiology and the Post-it Notes that revolutionized communication and organization. In the late 1990s, the total sales of the company reached a $15 billion mark and the assessment of its 2010 public filings has reached a profit mark of 30 billion dollars (NoAuthorFound, 2002). The company today is a multinational conglomerate with a diversified product portfolio of at least 55,000 products. It operates under a franchise distribution system whereby some of its products are available for purchase in more than 200 countries from distributors and retailers; however, most of 3M products are available online directly from the company. The company is enlisted in the New York stock exchange and the US Securities and Exchange Commission where its SEC filings can be obtained. These can be used to assess the companys quarterly and annual returns and even its erformance as pertaining to: (A)lmpact of Globalization and Technology Any multinational company today in most adversely affected by globalization and technology: 3M Company is not an exception to this. The company continuously adapts to changing trends in technology and globalization through marker research and development. RD globalization is a fast evolving process and is more and more recently being kept at one center of opportunity in most contemporary corporations. RD globalization provides a platform for the easy control of 3M Companys critical resources and assets over wide geographical location. Globalization and technology ave led to the Companys increased understanding of RD and innovation. The company unaerstanas transnatlonal RD ana Innovatlon Tor stronger consollaatlon and budgetary and even more methods of managerial restraints (Bertho Crawford, 2008). Globalization and technology have increased the rate detailed analysis undertaken on world product responsibilities and global technology responsibilities within transnational corporations at locations outside their home country. 3M Company has set up effective centers abroad that drive innovation and new business initiatives for company strengthening thanks to globalization and technology. Globalization has also served in addressing ownership and control issues for 3M Companys international intellectual capital and property and has helped the understanding of their effects on corporate responsiveness. Companies that orient themselves towards the market through the understanding of the effects of globalization and technology on corporate functions are more likely to develop and sustain their market scope and margins of profitability. The flow of information within a multinational conglomerate corporation like 3M Company is vital to its development (Bertho Crawford, 2008). For example, customers can use the internet technology to purchase 3M products online and pay through MasterCard or PayPal. (B) Application of industrial organization model and resource-based model for better returns 3M Company can employ the industrial organization and resource-based model to facilitate its efficiency and thus increase it market performance and profit margin gains. The competitive advantage of a corporation firm lies primarily in the initiation of a bundle of valuable tangible and intangible resources at companys disposal globally. Through the resource based strategy the 3M Company can identify and lassify the corporations worldwide resources and appraise their strengths and weaknesses and relate this to the companys competitors by addressing their characteristic trends. Identify the opportunities for better utilization of resources. Then 3M Company shall embark on identifying the corporations capabilities and efficiency against its competitors. The company shall identify resource inputs for each capability and complexity of each capability. Thirdly, the company shall appraise its resources for rent-generating capabilities as pertaining to its potential to sustain the competitive landscape and the appropriability of its returns. The company shall then strategize on the best way to exploit its resources and capabilities in relation to the companys external opportunities. Lastly in the employment of the resource-based model, the company shall identify resource gaps that need to be filled and lay down future plans to augment, upgrade and replenish the 3M Companys resource base (Heracleous, 2003). In the industrial organization model, 3M Company shall embark upon the examination of its structure for better demarcation between the company and its market portfolio and demands. This evaluation shall increase the companys ompetitiveness and alleviate barriers that lead to imperfect competition. This initiative baseline shall be to analyze and determinants of the firm and market organization to better competition and adapt to government actions. For instance, 3Ms recent 2012 organization alignment for better consistency in its strategy of building pertinent market presence shall serve to increase its presence in future global markets and customers. The new structure was to comprise five business groups (consumer, Inaustrlal, nealtncare, saTety ana grapnlcs ana Electronics ana energy. These initiatives shall ensure better market and industry interface and erformance (NoAuthorFound, 2002). C) 3Ms vision and mission influence of its market success The companys mission statement states that the company is committed to actively contribute to sustainable development through environmental protection, social responsibility and economic progress. This has oriented the companys employees towards the satisfaction of this mission statement. The company earns customer loyalty and respect when it effectively differentiates its competition and communicates and reinforces the 3M brand strategy (NoAuthorFound, 2002). The companys vision is to contribute to societys move to sustainable development. To 3M, sustainable development refers to the ability to satisfy the companys customers today whilst respecting the capabilities of future generations and thus be able to meet their needs. Thus, both the vision statement and mission statement increase customer and investor loyalty and this enables the companys activities to proceed uninhibited thus ensuring its success. A companys mission and vision perspectives that are customer safety oriented gather and acclaim positive accord and support (NoAuthorFound, 2002). D) Influence of Stakeholders to 3Ms success 3Ms healthy relationship with its stakeholders determines the companys viability nd success. This relationship if sustained shall ensure future companys prospects are successful. Some of the key 3M stakeholder interaction include but are not limited to (Rubinfeld, 2005): Investor: The Company maintains a healthy relationship with its investors by time ly and profitable dividends. The New York exchange and the companys SEC filings report have reported up to 3 dollars dividends per share. The companys enlisting in the US Securities and Exchange Commission reenergizes investor confidence and thus draws in more investors than ever before bearing in mind that this is an international corporation. Employer, employee and customer relationship: The Company has improved it relationship with its employees. Better salaries and working conditions have made the company employees loyal and hard working towards meeting the companys mission, vision and customer needs. There has been a wide forum for better customer-company interaction and relationship. This has made the company very competitive in its scope of the world market and has seen the company retain its hold in the market. The government and community. The company has complied with all the US government corporative laws for foreign nd internal operations. This has enables the company to progress smoothly without inhibitions from the US government. The company also earns community trust and respect by contributing to research and innovations that lead to the production of health products that help protect the environment and reduce harm to the customer and world communities at large. For example, the production of sandpaper that do not produce air contaminants during use. This has seen the company even earn an award by the US government. (E)Conclusions To sum it up, the 3M Company has risen from a small time company at a lake hore to a multinational conglomerate that sells its products worldwide. In India, it is the only public foreign company that does not operate a franchise system of OlstrlDutlon t at n OITTerentlatlng It wlt n coca cola. I ne SEC Tlllng 0T tne company a US Securities and Exchange Commission website show that the company is progressing viably. The most recent employment of industrial organization model ensures the companys sustainability in the contemporary world market dynamic competitiveness (Rubinfeld, (2005). Its diversified product portfolio enables the companys success world wide since it does not have to rely on marketing one roduct to a diversified community of customers who also have dynamic tastes and preferences. These aspects prove the economic viability of 3M now and in the future. Reference Bertho, M. Crawford, B. (2008). The impact of globalization on the United States. Westport, Conn: Praeger. Heracleous, L. (2003). Strategy and organization: realizing strategic management. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. NoAuthorFound. (2002). A century of innovation: the 3M story. St. Paul, MN: 3M Co. Rubinfeld, D. L. (2005). 3Ms Bundled Rebates: An Economic Perspective. The University of Chicago law Review, 72(1), 243-264.